ScamSplain

Vishing: How Scam Calls & Robocalls Work

'Vishing' is phishing by phone — an overview of how scam calls and robocalls use authority, fear, and spoofed caller ID to pressure you into paying or sharing information.

Think a message like this reached you? You can check it right now.

What this scam is

Vishing (voice + phishing) covers scam phone calls and robocalls impersonating your bank, the IRS, Social Security, tech support, a utility, or police. Caller ID is easily spoofed to look official. The caller uses urgency and fear (arrest, account compromise, shut-off) or a too-good offer to get you to pay — often by gift card, wire, or crypto — or to share codes, passwords, or remote access. Recognizing the tactics (spoofed ID, pressure, untraceable payment, secrecy) helps you hang up on any of them.

What it usually looks like

  • A call/robocall claiming to be a bank, agency, or company.
  • Urgency, threats, or a prize.
  • Demands for gift cards, wire, or crypto.
  • Requests for codes, passwords, or remote access.

Common warning signs

  • Caller ID 'looks official' but pressures you.
  • Payment demanded by gift card/wire/crypto.
  • Being told to stay on the line or keep it secret.
  • Requests for one-time codes or remote access.

Example wording scammers use

This is the IRS/Social Security/your bank — there's a serious problem, don't hang up.
Press 1 to speak with an agent about your account.

These are illustrative examples written by ScamSplain, not real messages.

What the scammers want

  • Untraceable payment or your credentials/access.
  • To exploit fear and authority.
  • To keep you on the line.

What to do

  • Hang up and call the organization back on a number you look up yourself.
  • No real agency/company demands gift cards, wire, or crypto.
  • Never share one-time codes, passwords, or grant remote access.
  • Let unknown calls go to voicemail; report robocalls.

What to do if you already responded

  • Contact the affected company/bank and change any shared credentials.
  • Contact gift-card/wire/crypto providers if you paid.
  • Report at reportfraud.ftc.gov and ic3.gov.

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